{"id":2173,"date":"2025-08-12T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/?p=2173"},"modified":"2025-08-15T14:51:41","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T07:51:41","slug":"ao-hoa-server-la-gi-mo-hinh-trien-khai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/2025\/08\/12\/ao-hoa-server-la-gi-mo-hinh-trien-khai\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ea2o h\u00f3a server l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u1ea2o h\u00f3a VMWARE VSPHERE v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai"},"content":{"rendered":"

I. KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M \u1ea2O H\u00d3A SERVER<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u1ea2o h\u00f3a server l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea3o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a server, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea3o, nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3o h\u00f3a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m si\u00eau gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hypervisor). L\u1edbp Hypervisor n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o ho\u00e1 server s\u1ebd tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1:<\/strong> L\u1edbp gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t Hypervisor s\u1ebd t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: <\/strong>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 cung \u1ee9ng cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd khi c\u1ea7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: <\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: <\/strong>L\u00fac n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea3o s\u1ebd g\u1eedi l\u1ec7nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c Hypervisor s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nhanh, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd b\u1eb1ng 0, gi\u00fap mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u1ea2O H\u00d3A SERVER VMWARE VSPHERE <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

vSphere l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u1ea3o, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 VMware ESXi (n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a server), VMware vCenter Server (c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a server n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

III. M\u00d4 H\u00ccNH TRI\u1ec2N KHAI V\u00c0 S\u01a0 \u0110\u1ed2 \u0110\u1ea4U N\u1ed0I<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SAN v\u00e0 2 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ESXi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

ESXi 01 & ESXi 02: <\/strong>Hai m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t VMware ESXi, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 host \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (VM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Storage SAN (DellEMC): <\/strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1eadp trung, d\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c host. C\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SAN Switch 01 & SAN Switch 02:<\/strong> Hai switch chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng d\u00f9ng cho k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (SAN), gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (redundancy) v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Port HBA (Host Bus Adapter):<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng qua switch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CT1, CT2 (Controller): <\/strong>C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng controller tr\u00ean Storage SAN k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai switch SAN \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n (multipath).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng & \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ESXi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 2 SAN Switch qua c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng HBA, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng k\u00eanh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c switch n\u00e0y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi 2 controller (CT1, CT2) c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Storage SAN, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ESXi host c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp storage d\u00f9 1 switch g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vMotion, HA, DRS trong VMware, cho ph\u00e9p di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y \u1ea3o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c host m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a server VMWARE VSPHERE<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3o h\u00f3a server n\u00e0y:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao (High Availability):<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi m\u1ed9t switch ho\u1eb7c HBA b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng SAN t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 so v\u1edbi NAS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng: <\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam ESXi host ho\u1eb7c VM m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai VMware vSphere k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SAN v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng qua hai switch gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng IT \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00fang ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xem th\u00eam: METASERV WEBINAR: \u1ea2O H\u00d3A SERVER – Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I. KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M \u1ea2O H\u00d3A SERVER \u1ea2o h\u00f3a server l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea3o […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2309,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[31],"class_list":["post-2173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-blog"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ao-hoa-server.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2173"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2250,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2173\/revisions\/2250"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2173"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2173"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idc.metaserv.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}